PUNCH MAGAZINE (1908-1913)

15 Friday Feb 2013

Posted by Philip Battle in cartoons, London

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Pavement Art as political metaphor

Punch, or the London Charivari was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and engraver Ebenezer Landells. Historically, it was most influential in the 1840s and 50s, when it helped to coin the term “cartoon” in its modern sense as a humorous illustration. It became a British institution, but after the 1940s, when its circulation peaked, it went into a long decline, finally closing in 1992. It was revived in 1996, but closed again in 2002.

These are a selection of cartoons published by Punch between Feb. 1908 & Dec. 1913

Punch Cartoon: 5th Feb 1908

Punch Cartoon: 17th June 1908

Punch Cartoon: 19th May 1909

Punch Cartoon: 5th Jan 1910

Punch Cartoon: 19th April 1911

Punch Cartoon: 10th Dec 1913

Above caption: Pavement Artist (on duty). “I can’t reckon it up. I draw a lot better ‘n you do an’ yet I don’t get ‘arf the money.”

Pavement Artist (off duty). “Yer subjicks is all wrong. Bits o’ salmon is out o’ date. I done tremenjus bisniss in the summer with ‘Obbs an’ Rufus Isicks, an’ now I’m runnin’ Bomb. Wells, Gaby and Larkin, an’ they’re goin’ good.”

You can find more Punch cartoons and background information on my accompanying blog: Punch Magazine (1872-1895)

Written and researched by Philip Battle

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ANGEL PAVEMENT (2004)

28 Monday Jan 2013

Posted by Philip Battle in cartoons, Literature, writing

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A children’s story book

An enchanting story about a pavement artist who encounters angels; for children aged 5 to 7

By Quentin Blake; Published by Red Fox Books UK (Paperback)

ISBN: 978-0099451549

Pavement artist Sid Bunkin is down on his luck until he is befriended by two angels. With the help of their magical pencils he goes on a wonderful journey to discover the power of drawing.

Quentin Blake illustration from ANGEL PAVEMENT 2004

Corky and Loopy are two perfectly normal girls. They like chocolate biscuits, fizzy drinks, screaming at each other and drawing. But they are also a little bit special, because they are angels. One day they visit Sid, a pavement artist. Sid is sad because he wants to take part in the big drawing competition, and Corky and Loopy decide to help.

Quentin Blake illustration from ANGEL PAVEMENT 2004

The book is FULL of wonderful illustrations like the one’s above, on all things pavement arty, and I would recommend it to any parent looking for a different kind of urban tale.

Quentin Blake is best known for his illustration of books written by Roald Dahl. He has also taught, and for eight years was Head of the Illustration department at the Royal College of Art. Quentin Blake was made an OBE in 1988 and, in the words of The Guardian, was already a national institution when he was appointed the first Children’s Laureate in 1999.

Written and researched by Philip Battle

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JACKO TURNS ARTIST (1925)

21 Wednesday Nov 2012

Posted by Philip Battle in history, London, writing, cartoons, Literature

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A short Children’s Story

Despite all its sophisticated visual language, festivals and events; today’s pavement art movement is but a shadow of its former self. The history of pavement art is rich and varied, and spans hundreds of years of innovation and pioneering artistic endeavour. You can read all about it on the world’s only comprehensive on-line history of pavement art; THIS BLOG: the award nominated ALL MY OWN WORK.

It’s exactly 12 months to the day that I started this history of pavement art blog; I had only a handful of stories back then; at the time, I thought it would be spent within four weeks of writing; how wrong was I then?

OK, pavement art & history may not be everybody’s cup of tea, but if you don’t like the telly, turn it off why don’tcha!

So what have I learnt? Well; FACT is far more interesting than fiction. Don’t believe any artist or arts movement that creates a myth to justify their-own existence. Oh yes, and don’t believe everything you read, not even here…lol

OK, it’s on with the show, and here’s a short children’s story from The Children’s Newspaper 1925:

JACKO stopped one day to watch a pavement artist at work. He wasn’t a very good artist and Jacko snorted.

“I could do as well as that myself,” he said, “and, by Jove, I will! You can make a lot of money at that job,” he added thoughtfully.

He dashed home, found some Baby’s crayons, and was rushing out again when it occurred to him that it might be as well to disguise himself in case of accident. So he caught up an old hat and coat of his father’s and went off in search of a suitable pitch.

“Now what shall I draw?” he murmured, “something funny to catch the eye—I know! A picture of Dad in his smoking-cap”

Illustration from The Children’s Newspaper: Father Jacko, 1925

Father Jacko did look funny in his scarlet smoking-cap, with its waggling tassel. Jacko got to work and was just adding the finishing touches when there was a wild exclamation behind and an angry voice cried: “That’s my hat and coat! And, upon my word, if the fellow hasn’t had the insolence to draw my portrait!”

Jacko nearly fainted. “Just my luck!” he muttered. “What on earth has brought Dad round here?”

By this time a policeman had come on the scene. Father Jacko was heartedly reconstructing the crime.

“Crept in,” he was saying with a fine imagination, “while I was sitting smoking; stole my hat and coat, and now has the impudence to caricature me on the pavement—and ask for money.”

That was too much for Jacko. “Oh, I say!” he cried, wheeling round. Father Jacko nearly fainted. “Why, it’s you!” he exclaimed. “I might have known it! How dare you make a laughing-stock of me like this! I’ll—I’ll—“

Jacko looked at the policeman. “Yes, Dad; what?” he asked nervously. “You come home with me boy.” Replied Father Jacko, “and I’ll show you.”

Yep…looks like Jacko got a right “good-hiding” children!

‘JACKO’ was a popular half-monkey, half-human, cartoon character of The Children’s Newspaper in the 1920’s and 30’s, and being no connection with pop star Michael Jackson.

Published in The Children’s Weekly Newspaper (19^th October 1925)

Written & researched by Philip Battle

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Keep Smiling Through (1941-1945)

29 Monday Oct 2012

Posted by Philip Battle in cartoons, history, London

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Screevers at War

Britain was at war and austerity was kicking in, but the one thing that Hitler couldn’t stop was the humble chalking artist, who, in spite of everything, carried on regardless.

As well as producing “topical scenes of wartime events,” London screevers, were an affectionate reminder of how things used to be before the war. Of course, Britain was the only country anywhere in the world to have nurtured a pavement art culture; it was so famous that artists had become part of the London tourist industry, with visitors from around the world coming to seek them out.

It is no surprise then, that cartoonists and newspaper editors should feature them in abundance.

The selection of cartoons I’ve chosen here, were published in the London Evening News, between 1941 and 1945.

CAPTION: Justifiable Homicide / “He was murdered by persons unknown at 2.30 this afternoon.”

Smiling Through cartoon: Published 30th April 1941

The cartoonist was Joseph Lee; born in Burley-in-Wharfedale, near Leeds, on 16 May 1901. He won a scholarship to Leeds Grammar School, and showed such a talent for art that, in about 1915, his widowed mother managed to find enough money for him to attend Leeds College of Art. Here his contemporaries included Henry Moore, Barbara Hepworth, and Henry Carr. Lee left the School of Art in 1918, and in 1919 took a correspondence course with Percy V. Bradshaw, sending specimens of his work to London papers. Despite the rejections, his mother found £20 for him to go to London, where he free-lanced until the money ran out. He then found a job in the art department of an advertising agency.

CAPTION: Deputy / “Dad’s been called up.”

Smiling Through cartoon: Published 14th August 1941

In 1934 Lee sent four trial cartoons to the London Evening News, one of which was published on 14 May 1934 as the first of a series entitled “London Laughs.” In these cartoons Lee proved particularly adept at depicting cricket-loving colonels, chubby and slightly vulgar ladies with sparkling jewellery, and dapper City gents. With the outbreak of war in September 1939 the Evening News changed the title of the series to “Smiling Through.” These were also popular, and within a few years Lee was producing two cartoons a day – “Smiling Through” for the Evening News, and another for the Allied Group of provincial papers, published in Manchester, Glasgow, Cardiff, Sheffield, Middlesbrough, and Aberdeen. In May 1945 “Smiling Through” reverted to the original title of “London Laughs.”

CAPTION: Pavement Artist / “His war paintings were remarkably fine but his true genius best expresses itself, now as ever in his passionate feeling for decayed herrings.”

Smiling Through cartoon: Published 16th May 1945

In July 1966, Lee became the longest running daily cartoonist in history, with almost 9,000 “London Laughs” appearing in the Evening News, he retired to Norwich.

Joe Lee died on 15 March 1975.

Written & researched by Philip Battle

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Peter Puck wants to know! (1930-1932)

23 Sunday Sep 2012

Posted by Philip Battle in cartoons, history, writing

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The Children’s Newspaper

A long-running newspaper published by the Amalgamated Press (later Fleetway Publications) aimed at pre-teenage children founded by Arthur Mee in 1919. It ran for 2,397 weekly issues before being merged with Look and Learn in 1965.

A 12-page, tabloid-sized ‘Children’s Newspaper’ which debuted on 22 March 1919, priced 1½d, which was considered quite expensive at the time.

At its peak, The Children’s Newspaper sold 500,000 copies a week. Sales began to fall after the Second World War as rival publications, notably the Eagle, Junior Mirror and Junior Express began to appear. It was not until the mid-1950s that The Children’s Newspaper began to modernise, adding features on television and sports and including interviews with popular sporting personalities.

PETER PUCK: Childrens Newspaper; published March 8th 1930

Peter Puck was an almost forgotten ‘one scene’ cartoon character who appeared every week under the heading “Peter Puck wants to know.” These usually took the form of silly, amusing questions that had no obvious answer.

Peter Pucks first appearance was on the 22^nd March, 1919, were he asked “What do the Bolsheviks Really Want?” and continued to appear every week until at least 1954.

These drawing from the 1930’s were produced by JH Dowd, a well-known children’s illustrator.

In later editions, he seemed to be drawn by various in-house artists and often appeared wearing a top hat. The individual drawings were exquisitely done and followed what appeared to be a ‘house-style.’

PETER PUCK: Childrens Newspaper; published; June 20th 1931

Other witticisms appearing under Peter Puck’s Advice included:

“Rubber pavements are coming into vogue, ought to be useful for the pavement artists.” (1926)

“There are fewer pavement artists; those there are get down to business.” (1935)

“Even pavement artists are going all patriotic, drawing on flags!” (1937)

“A pavement artist has given an exhibition in a picture gallery, because he is tired of people looking down on his work.” (1938)

“A London pavement artist will draw your portrait if you don’t mind being looked down on.” (1940)

“A Writer says he knows a pavement artist whose pictures are above the average, perhaps he only works when the road is up.” (1945)

“A pavement artist says he is proud of his work, and does not mind if people look down on it.” (1952)

PETER PUCK: Childrens Newspaper; published; Dec 31st 1932

Peter Puck’s original illustrator: James H Dowd was born in 1884. He worked as a draughtsman, etcher and painter. He was a regular contributor to “The Graphic” and in 1906 began to have his work published in “Punch Magazine”.

In 1925 he created the illustrations for a story which appeared in the London Evening News on December the 24th. The story was entitled “Winnie The Pooh” – this was later to become the first chapter of AA Milne’s book (though the illustrations in the book were not drawn by Dowd). He provided drawings for several books including “Important People” (1930) and “People and Importance” (1934).

Written & researched by Philip Battle

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Victorian Scraps (1880)

14 Thursday Jun 2012

Posted by Philip Battle in cartoons, history

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lithography

A Victorian “scrap”, also known as lithography, is coloured printed papers and usually embossed die cuts that were used in Victorian times by both children and adults for various past times and collections. Scraps first appeared at the beginning of the 19th century in the form of engravings in black and white and tinted by hand. Colour printing came into play in 1837 and chromolithography and scrap manufacturers appeared mostly in Germany and Great Britain. These pre-cut scraps were relief stamped and embossed to give them a three-dimensional look and feel. They were sold in sheets connected with small strips to join them together.

Original Victorian pavement artist scrap: cir. 1880

This scrap depicts a rather well-turned-out pavement artist sitting next to railings and begging for money from passers-by. There are two small, well-dressed children placing money in his hat while another, older, girl looks on. On the pavement can be seen drawings typical of Victorian Screevers; a portrait of a famous Politician in an oval frame, a seascape (which often featured a shipwreck) and the head of a salmon on a plate, above it a piece of bread, which was often accompanied by the words “Easy to draw, hard to eat”

The scrap measures 100 x 180 mm and dates from around the 1880’s, the illustrator is unknown.

Pavement artist scrap as it would have appeared in a lady’s ‘Scrap Book’

Collections of scraps were pasted into special scrap albums and Victorians mixed calling cards, greeting cards and any pictures they liked and wanted to keep that were special to them. A lot of people group their collections by themes or special occasions with verses and poems. Middle-class Victorians loved sentimentality and keepsakes.

Scraps were used for decoupage, collage, gift cards, valentines, dressing screens, decorating furniture, decorating small trinket boxes, fans, table tops, trunks etc. These are also used for Victorian ornaments, scrap booking, graphic arts, stickers, and whatever the heart desires.

In the sixteenth century the commonplace book was used to record “good sayings and notable observations”, for the owner it served as a personal repository of wisdom and information.

lithography- handcoloured scrap by illustrator George Cruikshank: 1829

The development of scrap books and albums date from the 18th century, they contained a wide variety of printed material, as well as paintings, drawings and “…a medley of scraps, half verse and half prose and something’s not very like either, where wise folk and simple alike to combine, and you write your nonsense, that I may write mine.”

With its elaborately embossed binding the scrap album or scrap book was an object of admiration, giving endless and pleasant recreation for its owner. Early albums, compiled mainly by young ladies of some social standing, were neatly arranged with poetry and original writings, often florid and sentimental together with the other accomplishments expected of every intelligent and well informed young lady – drawing and painting. Suitable items were added with care and enthusiasm.

Related blog: LITHOGRAPHY (1829)

Researched by Philip Battle

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Punch Magazine (1872-1895)

23 Monday Apr 2012

Posted by Philip Battle in cartoons, history, London

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Pavement Art as political metaphor

Punch, or the London Charivari was a British weekly magazine of humour and satire established in 1841 by Henry Mayhew and engraver Ebenezer Landells. Historically, it was most influential in the 1840s and 50s, when it helped to coin the term “cartoon” in its modern sense as a humorous illustration. It became a British institution, but after the 1940s, when its circulation peaked, it went into a long decline, finally closing in 1992. It was revived in 1996, but closed again in 2002.

Published in PUNCH: Feb. 1872

Punch & Pavement Art both originated from the same healthy & subversive desire for political satire. Punch became a staple for British drawing rooms because of its sophisticated humour and absence of offensive material, especially when viewed against the satirical press of the time.

Published in PUNCH: 16th Dec. 1876

The liberal laws on free speech and street hawking meant that pavement art thrived in the UK like nowhere else in the world. By the mid 1880’s London streets were supporting over 300 full time, ‘self-employed’ screevers, by 1911 this had risen to over 500 and exploded to over 1000 by 1929. For many, this street ‘beggary’ was their only source of income.

Published in PUNCH: 5th may 1888

In 1851, the founder of PUNCH, Henry Mayhew published his seminal work London Labour and the London Poor. In which he lists the street-artists as “black profile-cutters, blind paper-cutters “screevers” or draughtsmen in coloured chalk on the pavement, writers without hands, and readers without eyes.”

Published in PUNCH: Feb 9th 1895

Mayhew was a social reformer, and this was the first book to take seriously the plight of the poor and destitute. Pavement artists were classed as ‘Street Artisans’ so, for what it was worth, and in many respects were a cut above your average beggar. But still a beggar by any other name; it’s no surprise then, that Punch featured pavement artists to make political points as an effective weapon to the political satirist.

Published in PUNCH: March 7th 1891

PUNCH Trivia: Illustrator Mary Shepard was married to E. V. Knox, the editor of Punch between 1932 and 1949. Mary illustrated the original Mary Poppins books by P. L. Travers and created the very first drawings of ‘BERT’ the pavement artist; perhaps most famously played by Dick Van Dyke in the 1964 Disney film of the same name.

Published in PUNCH: July 6th 1895

I’ve included a handful of ‘cartoons’ in this blog published in Punch between 1872 and 1895. I’ll be sharing more in future blogs.

Happy St. Georges Day!

Written and researched by Philip Battle

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Percy Pickle the Pavement Artist (1910-1935)

13 Friday Apr 2012

Posted by Philip Battle in cartoons, history, London

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Fun on the Kerbstone

Perhaps the most famous and beloved of all the screevers; yet today, Percy Pickle the pavement artist has largely been forgotten.

Yet another victim in the untold (until now) story of pavement art

Percy was the very first EVER weekly comic book pavement artist character. He first saw the light of day in the Amalgamated Press comic story paper MERRY & BRIGHT. Published every Thursday and costing half-a-penny (which was considered quite expensive back then) It was a mixture of written children’s stories & comic strip spreads with jokes. The first issue was published by the Amalgamated Press on the 22^nd October 1910 and continued every week until 1935.

Percy Pickle.....The world's first internationaly famous pavement artist! (1910)

For 25 years Percy was known by every school boy and girl throughout the land for his “Kerbstone antics” a loveable rogue, he was a master at drawing himself out of mischief and getting his own back on the law. Merry & Bright was part of The Amalgamated Press Ltd of London, and as such Percy’s antics were also published in Canada, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. Tis without doubt; Percy Pickle was a pavement artist of international renown!

Original Daily Mirror advert for MERRY & BRIGHT published Fri. 21st Oct 1910

I’ve recently acquired over 52 weekly episodes of Percy’s adventures (MERRY & BRIGHT comics) from between 1914 and 1915 (the start of WWI) and although I can’t promise to share them all in this blog, I’ll certainly make time to scan a few in…..here’s the first one from the September issue published on the 14^th Sept. 1914

PERCY PICKLE adventure: published in Merry & Bright, Sept. 12th 1914 (Vol 3-No-204)

Merry & Bright used a relatively small group of mostly freelance British artists, with the same basic style. The basic tenant appears to have been the requirement for an artist to duplicate the style of other artists, whether for holiday cover or simply to enforce a house style.

Note: although Percy’s adventures in Merry & Bright ended on the 19^th January 1931 when the last issue was printed….Percy’s character continued in another AP press comic called ‘BUTTERFLY’ which continued until 1939, the publication was stopped due to the outbreak of WWII; as with all comics, it had fallen victim to the shortage of paper during wartime…..I’m still researching that one

Written and researched by Philip Battle

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MUTT & JEFF (1923)

08 Sunday Apr 2012

Posted by Philip Battle in cartoons, London, USA

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Jeff starts as a Pavement Artist

Mutt and Jeff was a long-popular American newspaper comic strip created by cartoonist Bud Fisher in 1907 about “two mismatched tinhorns.” It is commonly regarded as the first daily comic strip. The concept of a newspaper strip featuring recurring characters in multiple panels on a six-day-a-week schedule had previously been pioneered through the short-lived A. Piker Clerk by Clare Briggs, but it was Mutt and Jeff as the first successful daily comic strip that staked out the direction of the future trend.

Mutt and Jeff created by Bud Fisher 1907

It remained in syndication until 1982, employing the talents of several cartoonists, chiefly Al Smith who drew the strip for nearly 50 years. The series became a comic book (initially published by All-American Publications and later by DC Comics, Dell Comics and Harvey Comics), as well as cartoons, films, merchandising and reprints.

MUTT & JEFF Cartoon Strip: Published in The Daily Mirror, Wed 11th Apr.1923 (click on image to enlarge)

Although this pavement art strip was published in a British newspaper in the 1920’s, it is likely that it was drawn and published much earlier in the US (Cir. 1912) Mutt & Jeff was syndicated out to overseas newspapers in the 1920’s, so old cartoon strips where ‘recycled’

Researched by Philip Battle

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PIP, SQUEAK & WILFRED (1919)

05 Thursday Apr 2012

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UNCLE DICK’S LETTER

Daily Mirror-Office, August 22.

UNCLE DICK'S LETTER - Daily Mirror cutting, Sat. 23rd Aug 1919

MY DEAR BOYS AND GIRLS ,—After being so good all the week, of course Pip and Squeak couldn’t help getting into mischief to-day. They saw a pavement artist on the Embankment, and thought they would like to be pavement artists, too. I discovered them sheltering from the rain in a little house made out of their “pictures.” Such “pictures,” too—Aunt Emma will be frightfully cross.

Your affectionate UNCLE DICK.

PIP, SQUEAK & WILFRED cartoon: Daily Mirror, Sat. 23rd Aug 1919 (click on image to enlarge)

PIP, SQUEAK & WILFRED: Daily Mirror,1919 (click on image to enlarge)

Published in the DAILY MIRROR newspaper: Saturday 23^rd August 1919

Researched by Philip Battle

RELATED BLOG: Pip, Squeak and Wilfred (1938)

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